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CDC Quietly Scales Back Foodborne Illness Surveillance

Written by Userve | Oct 14, 2025 2:20:19 PM

Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has now confirmed it scaled back parts of its foodborne illness surveillance program, it appears that the adjustment occurred months before the public was made aware. 

This decision has prompted discussion among food safety experts about how these changes might affect outbreak tracking and response across the U.S.

Scaling Back FoodNet

The reduction in surveillance activities relates to the CDC’s Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). The network, operating since the 1990s, plays a key role in tracking illnesses caused by pathogens such as Salmonella, E. coli and Listeria.

According to recent reports, as of July 1, 2025, FoodNet stopped actively monitoring six of the eight previously monitored pathogens and narrowed its focus to only Salmonella and Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC).

In statements to media outlets, the CDC explained that the changes reflect budget limitations and a shift toward newer, more automated data systems. Officials noted that while FoodNet’s scope is evolving, the agency remains committed to foodborne disease surveillance and continues to work with state partners to modernize data collection.

What Role Does Foodnet Play in Food Safety?

FoodNet is a collaboration among the CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). It is widely regarded as one of the country’s most valuable tools for identifying foodborne illness trends, assessing risk factors and guiding food safety policies.

Through laboratory and case data collected from multiple U.S. sites, FoodNet provides insight into how frequently Americans get sick from contaminated food and how well prevention measures are working. Its findings have influenced improvements in food safety standards over the past three decades.

Reactions From the Public Health Community

Reactions within the public health community have been mixed. Some experts acknowledge the need for modernization and improved efficiency, while others are concerned that reducing staff-led surveillance may make it harder to detect outbreaks early.

“Essentially, CDC is backing off on one of their best surveillance systems,” said Dr. J. Glenn Morris, director of the Emerging Pathogens Institute at the University of Florida.

He added, “If you want to make foodborne disease go away, then don’t look for foodborne disease. And then you can cheerfully eliminate all of your foodborne disease regulations. My concern is that that is the path down which we appear to be heading.”

 

The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists has also highlighted the importance of sustained funding for national coordination, especially for multi-state outbreaks that require rapid information sharing.

How Reduced Surveillance Could Affect Outbreak Detection

While the CDC maintains that core surveillance efforts continue, the reduced level of participation from some states may create gaps in national data. Without consistent reporting, it could take longer to recognize illness clusters that signal contaminated products in the marketplace.

According to the University of Minnesota's Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), states with fewer resources may need to rely more on automated systems or local public health capacity, which varies significantly across jurisdictions. Experts say the long-term effects will depend on how effectively new digital tools can supplement traditional investigative methods.

What This Means for Consumers and Food Businesses

For consumers, these developments are a reminder that food safety begins at home. Basic prevention practices remain the best protection against foodborne illness:

  • Cook meat, poultry, and seafood to safe internal temperatures
  • Keep raw foods separate from ready-to-eat items
  • Wash hands, surfaces, and utensils thoroughly
  • Refrigerate leftovers promptly within 2 hours (1 hour if above 90°F)

For food businesses, maintaining rigorous safety standards is equally critical. Even as surveillance evolves, compliance with the FDA Food Code and Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) remains mandatory. Regular staff training and clear hygiene protocols help ensure that foodborne hazards are prevented before they reach customers.

Strengthening Prevention Through Training and Awareness

As national systems adapt, consistent food safety education becomes even more valuable. Training and certification programs help employees recognize risks, follow safe handling procedures and uphold regulatory standards.

Building a culture of prevention, rather than reaction, remains the most effective way to safeguard public health - no matter how the national surveillance landscape changes.

Userve provides tools and resources to help you stay up to date with the latest food safety developments in the United States and beyond. Discover more insights by browsing the Userve blog.